Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of URICA-Voice scale / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To translate the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment of voice scale（URICA-Voice） into Chinese and test its reliability and validity. Methods:The URICA-Voice scale was converted into Chinese by literal translation, cultural adjustment, expert consultation, pre-investigation, and back translation. Convenience sampling was used to recruit patients at four speech therapy centers from February to May 2022. Then the Chinese version of the scale was distributed to them, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested after data collection. Cronbach ɑ was used to evaluate the reliability. The critical ratio method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for item analysis. Item-level content validity, scale-level content validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the validity of the scale. Results:A total of 247 valid questionnaires were collected. ①Item analysis: the critical ratios between a high-score and low-score groups of 32 items were all statistically significant（P<0.01） and all the critical ratios were above 3.00. The Pearson correlation between 32 items and the total score was significant（P<0.01）. ②Validity analysis: I-CVI=1.00, S-CVI/Ave=1.00, χ²/df=2.30, RMSEA=0.07. Except for item 9 and 23, the standardized factor loading coefficients of other items were all above 0.50. AVE of the four dimensions of the scale was all above 0.50, and the combined reliability of the four dimensions was all above 0.70. The correlation coefficients between dimensions were less than the square root of the AVE of the dimension itself. ③Reliability analysis: the Cronbach ɑ of the whole scale was 0.94, and the Cronbach ɑ of the four dimensions were 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.88 respectively. Conclusion:The Chinese version of URICA-Voice has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a specific measurement tool for evaluating the compliance of voice training in China.

MRI-based assessment of effects of radiotherapy on the onset and progression of mastoiditis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To analyze the effects of radiotherapy on the onset and progression of mastoiditis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to explore the risk factors for the onset of mastoiditis after radiotherapy.Methods:The onset and progression of mastoiditis of 204 NPC patients 3, 12, and 24 months after radiotherapy were analyzed based on MRI images. The multi-factor logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the risk factors of the onset of mastoiditis after radiotherapy. The cross-sectional area of the tensor veli palatini muscle was measured and the relationship between the atrophy degrees of the tensor veli palatini muscle and the onset of mastoiditis was analyzed.Results:The incidence of mastoiditis before radiotherapy was 20.6% (84/408, ears), and was 41.1% (168/408, ears), 22.3% (91/408, ears), and 19.6% (80/408, ears), respectively 3, 12, and 24 months after radiotherapy. The incidence of radiotherapy-induced mastoiditis was 35.8% (116/324, ears), 18.2% (59/324, ears), and 16.4% (53/324, ears), respectively 3, 12, and 24 months after radiotherapy. The remission rate of 63 patients (83 ears) who developed mastoiditis 3 months after radiotherapy was 63.9% (53/83, ears) and 75.9% (63/83, ears), respectively 12 and 24 months after radiotherapy. The remission rate of 54 patients (60 ears) who suffered mastoiditis before radiotherapy was 43.3% (26/60, ears), 65.0% (39/60, ears), and 73.3% (44/60, ears) 3, 12, and 24 months after radiotherapy. The multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for radiotherapy-induced mastoiditis included age ≥50, clinical stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ, radiotherapy dose > 70 Gy, and tumors invading pharyngeal ostium of the eustachian tube. In addition, the atrophy degree of tensor veli palatini muscle 12 and 24 months after radiotherapy correlated with the onset of mastoiditis.Conclusions:The incidence of mastoiditis significantly increased 3 months after radiotherapy and significantly decreased 12 months after radiotherapy for NPC patients. The natural remission rate of radiotherapy-induced mastoiditis 12 months after radiotherapy was over 70%. The independent risk factors for radiotherapy-induced mastoiditis include age ≥50, clinical stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ, radiotherapy dose >70 Gy, and tumor invading pharyngeal ostium of the eustachian tube. The atrophy degree of the tensor veli palatini muscle 12 and 24 months after radiotherapy correlates with the onset of mastoiditis.

Glucose Protects Cochlear Hair Cells Against Oxidative Stress and Attenuates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice / 神经科学通报·英文版

Oxidative stress is the key determinant in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Given that cellular defense against oxidative stress is an energy-consuming process, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether increasing energy availability by glucose supplementation protects cochlear hair cells against oxidative stress and attenuates NIHL. Our results revealed that glucose supplementation reduced the noise-induced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently attenuated noise-induced loss of outer hair cells, inner hair cell synaptic ribbons, and NIHL in CBA/J mice. In cochlear explants, glucose supplementation increased the levels of ATP and NADPH, as well as attenuating H

Evaluation of medium to long term efficacy of balloon dilation in the treatment of aural fullness as chief complaint / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To discuss the characteristics of symptoms improvement based on the follow-up evaluation of Eustachian tube balloon dilation medium to long-term efficacy in patients with symptomatic Eustachian tube dysfunction (SETD).@*Methods@#Patients from 2015 to 2017 were followed up after Eustachian tube balloon dilation (with the sense of aural fullness, or tinnitus and hearing ambiguity). All participants had been done ETDQ-7 before surgery and were re-evaluated with ETDQ-7 in follow-up. The improvement of overall and individual symptoms scores in ETDQ-7, the effects of gender and the difference of scores at different stages (12-18 months, 18-24 months and 24-30 months) after the operation were analyzed.@*Results@#There were 29 patients, including 16 males and 13 females, whose age ranged from 20 to 62 years old. The medium to long-term score of ETDQ-7 significantly declined after surgery (27.0±7.9 vs. 14.1±7.5, P<0.05). Among all symptoms, symptoms like "blockage feeling in ear or being like under the water, constriction feeling" , "sound of blisters or explosions in the ear" decreased obviously (P<0.05). Comparing different stages after surgery, the scores of ETDQ-7 existed no difference (P>0.05). And the difference of gender showed no significant influence on surgery effects.@*Conclusion@#The subjective symptoms of patients with Eustachian tube dysfunction diagnosed with SETD can be significantly improved in the medium to long-term follow-up after Eustachian tube balloon dilation, and the degree of improvement is not linearly related to the postoperative time.

Expression of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase in C57BL/6J mice with age-related hearing loss / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE Disturbance of K+ ion balance in inner ear is associated in age-related hearing loss. Our study is to investigate the role of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase in cochlea and auditory function regulated by with different expression of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase. METHODS Auditory threshold of young or old C57BL/6J mice was measured by auditory brainstem response(ABR). The expression of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase in mice cochlea were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blotting. Furosemide and Ouabain were applied in vivo to inhibit NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase in C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS C57BL/6J mice developed hearing loss at 12M by ABR threshold shifting to (75±10), (78±26) and (81±14)dB SPL at frequencies of 8, 16 and 32 kHz; PCR showed that the relative expression of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase mRNA in the aged group decreased, which were 0.52±0.06 and 0.35±0.04 times higher than those in the young control group, the difference was statistically significant(t =7.466 and 16.11, all P＜0.05). WB showed that relative expression of NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase protein level in the aged group decreased by 0.79±0.02 and 0.68±0.05 times as much as that of the young control group, the difference was statistically significant(t =8.857 and 6.771, P all＜0.05). After applied with Furosemide and Ouabain to suppress the two ion transporters, the ABR threshold increased to (50±17), (53±21), (55±17)dB SPL and (56±6), (70±17), (73±6)dB SPL at frequencies of 8, 16 and 32 kHz. CONCLUSION In vivo experiment of C57BL/6J suggested that NKCC1 and Na-K-ATPase might be related to age related hearing loss.

Value and assessment of P1 component in children with CIs / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE Aim to explore the value and the selection of observation target of P1 component in children with cochlear implant(CI). METHODS 13 children(4.37±0.73 years old) with right side CI and one year of regular post-CI rehabilitation were recruited as CI group. 15 gender and age (4.25±0.84)years matched children with left side external and middle ear malformation were selected as control group. We collected their AEP which showed their reaction to 1000 Hz pure tone and analyzed the P1 component. RESULTS The cut off value between CI group and control groupwas 10.4mV for P1 Amplitude(P1A) and 110.5 mV for P1 Latency(P1L). More precisely, the values of CI group were above the cut off value while the values of control group were below it. Whether choosing P1A or P1L as dividing standard, the AUC were between 0.5 and 0.9(AUC: P1A0.733, P1L0.800), which showed medium distinguishing significance. P1L component showed greater You-den index(0.590>0.471) and sensitivity(0.923> 0.538) while P1A showed greater specificity(0.933>0.667). CONCLUSION P1L shows greater ability in distinguishing the difference between CI group and control group while P1A has advantage in determining their common feature. Generally, P1L shows higher value in studying CI children. We need to make choice between P1A and P1L in different situation and use P1A and P1L standard in series or parallel.

Effectiveness of music combined cognitive behavior therapy on subjective tinnitus and observation of changes of resting-state EEG / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To invest igate the therapeutic effects of music combined cognitive behavioral therapy on subjective tinnitus and the changes in spectral characteristics of resting electroencephalogram(EEG) before and after treatment under eyes closed condition. METHODS 8 patients with subjective tinnitus were enrolled as experimental group including 4 males and 4 females, with a mean age of 33.57±8.52 years from 18 to 40 years, 6.00±3.63 months of illness and right-handedness. Music combined cognitive behavioral therapy included a total of 6 sessions of treatment. The initial session of the treatment aimed to establish basic trust with the patient and understand the patient's personality, tinnitus symptoms, medical history, and other basic conditions. The light music which was specially processed by mactching the frequency and intensity to the patient's tinnitus were selected as combined audio of cognitive behavioral therapy. 7 minutes of closed-eye resting state EEG, THI scale, VAS scale, and SAS scale of the patients with subjective tinnitus were collected. The last 5 sessions was a tailored relaxation therapy including training and counseling patients to understand the treatment feedback after each meeting. After 3 months of the therapy, 7 minutes of EEG, THI, VAS and SAS scales of the 8 patients were asessed. The results of 7min-EEG, THI, VAS, and SAS scales were compared in patients with tinnitus before and after treatment. In addition, 8 patients with normal hearing and without tinnitus were enrolled as control group including 4 males and 4 females, with a mean age of 21.26±7.56 years from 20 to 45 years and right-handedness. The control group underwent 7 minutes of EEG examination. RESULTS The difference between the two groups before treatment was statistically significant(t =4.404, P <0.05). The full-band(0.5-44 Hz) energy of EEG before and after treatment in 8 patients with subjective tinnitus was statistically significant(t =3.705, P <0.05), and the average power of EEG after treatment in the experimental group and the control group was similar. The THI scale(t =3.664, P <0.05) and VAS scale(t =3.265, P <0.05) were compared before and after treatment and the difference was statistically significant. The difference of SAS scales between the two groups was not statistically significant(P >0.05). CONCLUSION Music combined with cognitive behavioral therapy has a significant effect on subjective tinnitusand the closed-eye resting state of brain power can show the recovery of subjective tinnitus of patients objectively which has significance for rehabilitation.

Efficacy of autologous fat injection to treat patulous Eustachian tube / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of autologous fat injection of eustachian tube pharyngeal orifice in the treatment of Patulous eustachian tube (PET). METHODS We selected 18 patients who had no obvious improvement after medical treatment of PET over 1 months. They were treated with autologous fat injections to narrow the pharyngeal ostium of the eustachian tube. The treatment results were documented, including the patient's supervisory feeling and visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS The total effective rate was 83.3％ after 12 months of follow-up (symptoms significantly reduced in 27.8％ of patients and partial improvement is 55.6％), 16.7％ the symptoms remain unchanged, no one worsened. No patients had any complications. CONCLUSION Autologous fat injection of the eustachian tube is a effective and safe treatment for PET with the percentage of significant or partial relief of 83.3％, It is easy to conduct in clinical practice which could potentially serve as an alternative treatment for PET.

The Pure Tone Audiometry and Auditory Brainstem Response in Patients with Small Acoustic Neuroma's / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To understand the characteristics of the hearing loss in patients with small acoustic neuroma .Methods A retrospective analysis was used to analyze the results of pure tone audiometry (PTA) and au-ditory brainstem response (ABR) in 35 patients (35 ears) diagnosed with small acoustic neuroma .The types of au-diometric curves ,degrees and frequencies of hearing loss and latent periods of ABR were analyzed .Results Moder-ate deafness was the most common type in this study ,with a total of 13 ears (37 .14％ ,13/35) .In addition ,8 ears were profound deafness (22 .86％ ,8/35) ,7 ears of binaural severe deafness (20 .00％ ,7/35) ,6 ears of mild deafness (17 .14％ ,6/35) ,and 1 normal ear (2 .86％ .1/35) ,respectively .The types of audiometric curves were mainly U -shaped and sloping .15 audiometric curves were U -shaped (42 .86％ ,15/35) ,15 sloping (42 .86％ ,15/35) ,3 flat (8 .57％ ,3/35) ,and 1 tent-shaped (2 .86％ .1/35％ ) .The main frequencies of hearing loss were 1 kHz ,2 kHz ,4 kHz ,and 8 kHz .The mean thresholds had statistically significant differences (P<0 .05) compared with the other frequencies by S -N -K test .ABR was abnormal in 32 ears(91 .43％ ,32/35) .20 of the ears'I - V waves were prolonged or the inter-aural latency difference of V wave was>0 .4 ms .Five ears failed to show any ABR wave , but their 4 kHz pure tone threshold was < 80 dB HL .25 (71 .43％ ,25/35)ears'ABR results indicated a retroco-chlear nature of ear disease .Conclusion Moderate deafness is the most common type of hearing loss in small acous-tic neuroma patients ,but only 71 .43％ of the patients'ABR indicate a retrocochlear disease ,so an analysis of PTA together with ABR will help to diagnose .

Estimation of spectral oscillatory power of resting-state EEG in subjective tinnitus / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explor e the characteristics of spectral oscillatory power of resting-state electroencephalography(EEG) in subjective tinnitus patients and to lay the foundation for study of central mechanism of tinnitus.METHODS 31 subjects(15 subjects with subjective tinnitus and 16 age matching healthy subjects) underwent a 128-channel resting-state EEG analyses. After a series of preprocessing, data were segmented into 8 frequency bands, including δ(0.5～3.5 Hz), θ(4～7.5 Hz), α1(8～10 Hz), α2(10～12 Hz), β1(13～18 Hz), β2(18.5～21 Hz), β3(21.5～30 Hz) and γ(30.5～44 Hz). The group differences of spectral power were analyzed by independent t test. Correlation between spectral power of each frequency band and tinnitus subjective symptoms were also analyzed. RESULTS Significant higher spectral power of the α1, β and γ bandwere found in the left and right temporal areas of tinnitus group compared with that of normal group.Tinnitus subjects also had higher spectral powerof the δ and θ band in temporo-parietal areas than that of the normal group. There was no significant difference of spectral power in other frequency bands. Moreover, signif icant positive cor relation were found between tinnitus loudness and spectralpower of right anterior lateral(R=0.66, P =0.007) and right anterior medial(R=0.58, P =0.031) areas. CONCLUSION Tinnitus subjects have higher spectral oscillatory power on right and left temporal lobe and temporo-parietal area. A positive correlation exsit between tinnitus loudness andspectral power of right anterior lateral and medial areas in tinnitus subjects, whichindicate that central reorganizationexsit in tinnitus reorganization andγ band maybe considered as a possible biomarkerforthe tinnitus subjective symptom.

Application of 3D posture and gait analysis system for the balance evaluation in different ages of healthy subjects / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the patterns of gait and locomotion in three dimension space using OptiTrack motion capture system in 30 healthy people aged 20-70 years. Methods The 3D OptiTrack motion capture system was applied in young(aged 20-30 years,n=10),middle-aged(aged 40-50 years,n=10)and the elderly (aged 60-70 years,n=10)to capture the gait and the rhythmic oscillations of the trunk,head,hip and kneewhen subjects walked on the treadmill under three different conditions of normal walking,walking under visual interfering and walking under proprioceptive interfering.Several markers were placed on the subject.For each locomotor trial, the preferred walking speed,stride width,stride time,the absolute angular dispersions and the stander deviation of four segments around the roll,pitch and yaw axes,and gait instability(λ)were calculated to assess the equilibrium strategies of head,trunk,pelvis and knee under different experimental conditions. Results With increasing age, there were decreases in preferring walking speed(PWS)and increases in stride width(F=3.23,3.87;P=0.030, 0.020,respectively).The absolute angle of the segment of head in roll axis was significantly smaller in young group than in middle age and elderly group(F=4.01,3.72;P=0.035,0.028,respectively)under the condition of normal walking and proprioceptive interfering.The trunk sway in yaw was significantly decreased while significantly increased in roll plane either in normal walking or walking under proprioception interfering(F=3.19,P=0.015) .The standard deviation(SD)of movement of head,trunk and hip in yaw direction was higher in young group than in middle-age and elderly group(F=2.89,3.14,3.92;P=0.036,0.019,0.034,respectively),but was lower in young group in roll direction than in middle-age and elderly group(F= 3.90,2.56,3.28;P= 0.017,0.021,0.056, respectively),the difference existed only in hip and trunk under proprioception interfering.The SD value of movement of bilateral knee joints was increased in elderly subjects.Using mediolateral-λ(ML-λ)to predict the gait stability,the results showed a significantly increased λ value by our small circle,and the λ value was positively correlated with age(r=0.03,P<0.05). Conclusions With aging,the abnormal adjustment of body posture and the incongruity of gait may cause a high risk for falling,and gait instability begins to increase as early as age 40-50 years.This finding supports that local dynamic stability is likely to be an indicator of falling risk.OptiTrack motion capture system can be used to evaluate a balance for rehabilitation.

Expression of Bcl-2 in the cochlea in age-related hearing loss mouse model / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of Bcl-2, on mRNA and protein levels, in the different age of C57BL/6 mice cochleae and the expression localization in the cochleae.METHODS Using ABR to test the hearing level in C57BL/6 mice. Surface preparation of cochlear basil membrane is used to observe the morphology and amout of the outer and inner hair cells in different age of C57BL/6 mice. Fluorescent quantitative real time PCR, immunofluorescence histochemical method and western blot are used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 on the mRNA and protein levels in the C57BL/6 mice cochlea of different age groups ('young group', 'elderly group').RESULTS ABR results showed that the hearing threshold of 'older' C57BL/6 mice is much higher than that in the 'young' mice, and surface preparation of cochlear basil membrane showed the hair cell localized in the cochlear basil turn of 'old' mice arranged in a disorder station and part of hair cells were lost. Also, the spiral ganglion cells arranged sparsely and messily. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR results suggest the expression of Bcl-2 on/at the mRNA level of the 'old' mice cochleae decreases significantly, compared to that in the 'young' mice. The results of Immunofluorescence and Western blot suggest the expression of Bcl-2 on/at the protein levels of the 'old' mice cochlea decreased, compared to that in the 'young' mice. Also, the Bcl-2 is located in the cytoplasm, and the expression of Bcl-2 in the inner hair cells seems higher than that in the outer hair cells. CONCLUSION The expression of Bcl-2 significantly deceased in the 'old' C57BL/6 mice cochleae, both on mRNA and protein level, which may be related to the hearing loss and loss of hair cells.

Effectiveness of ear molding in the treatment of congenital auricular deformation / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term efficacy of ear molding in the treatment of congenital auricular deformation. METHODS Twenty-four infants(twenty-eight ears) were treated with ear molding devices(EarWell Infant Ear Correction System). Doctors and parents were surveyed 1 months after treatment. RESULTS All cases were treated successfully without severe complications. 25 ears(89％) and 26(92％) were rated as very satisfied or satisfied by doctors and parents, respectively. CONCLUSION Ear molding is a noninvasive treatment, and effectively corrects congenital auricular deformation.

MiR-34a induces Bcl-2 to promote the apoptosis of primary auditory cortex neuron / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the role of miR-34a on upregulating the expression of Bcl-2,which induces the apoptosis of primary auditory cortex neuron in the central mechanism of age-related hearing loss.METHODS Using C57BL/6 suckling mouse to obtain the brain tissue from auditory cortex according to the Location map,and to primary culture the neurons.After transfection on primary neurons,western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and then hoechst staining was used to detect the apoptosis after transfection.RESULTS primary culture of auditory cortex neurons abtained from enzyme digestion were transfected with miR-34a mimic and miR-34a inhibitor to upregualte or downregulate the expression of miR-34a,the results showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased after upregulation of miR-34a with the concentration of 5 nmol/L(t=5.127,P＜0.05),there was significant difference between the concentration of 10 and 20 nmol/L(t=6.379,P＜0.05),while increased after downregulation of miR-34a with concentration of 5 nmol/L(t=4.926,P＜0.05),there was significant difference between the concentration of 10 and 20 nmol/L(t=5.821,P＜0.05).Hoechst staining showed that the apoptotic neurons was increased after transfection of miR-34a mimic.CONCLUSION miR-34a induce the auditory cortex neuron apoptosis through downregulates Bcl-2,which central mechanism of age-related hearing loss.

Clinical Characteristics of Tinnitus:An Analysis of 2 171 Patients / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To evaluate and characterize tinnitus patients, and provide profiles for further studying tinnitus.Methods This study included 2 171 tinnitus patients seeking treatment between Janurary 2014 and December 2015 from department of head and neck surgery,Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital,Zhongshan University.Tinnitus measurements consisted of pure tone audiometry and tinnitus matching procedures.The characteristics of tinnitus were analyzed by the essential information and auditory checks of the patients.Results Average age was 44.08±15.37 years old.Tinnitus frequently occurred between 41 to 50 years old(491 cases,22.60%).Unilateral tinnitus was more than bilateral tinnitus, while the cranial tinnitus was rare.The patients with mild or moderate tinnitus had the largest population,with higher average hearing threshold at 8 000 Hz in tinnitus ear than non tinnitus ear.The highest frequency of tinnitus matching frequency was high frequency(4~8 kHz).The first three causes for tinnitus were unknown reasons,sudden deafness and middle ear disease.Conclusion Larger population was subjective tinnitus.Tinnitus was closely related with hearing loss.The causes for tinnitus were complex.Tinnitus retraining therapy is a treatment that is worth to be popularized.

The Function of Tubomanometry in Forecasting the Prognosis of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the relationship between tubomanometry(TMM) and tympanograms before and after the treatment of otitis media with effusion(OME) in children,and to evaluate the function of tubomanometry in forecasting the prognosis of OME.Methods Data from 66 patients(98 ears) were collected before and after one to four weeks treatment,all the patients received tympanometry and tubomanometry ETS,recorded eustachian tube scores(ETS) and tympanogram types.Results Before treatment,there were significant differences between the ETS of normal ears and sick ears,also between ETS of type B tympanograms and type C.There was significant difference between ETS before and after treatment,but not between the ETS of type B tympanograms and type C after treatment.The increased ETS value of type B tympanograms was higher than type C with a significant difference.There was a significant difference between the ETS of the effective group and the invalid group before and after treatment,whether type B tympanograms or type C.Conclusion Eustachian tube scores increased after treatment,and the functions of eustachian tube were improved in children of otitis media with effusion.Before treatment,the ETS of type B tympanograrns was lower than type C,indicating a poorer function of eustachian tube.After treatment,the increased ETS value of type B tympanograms was more than type C.Tubomanometry could forecast the prognosis of otitis media with effusion in children.

A clinical study into the vestibular function and therapy of patients with chronic positional symptoms after acute vestibular syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of the vestibular function of the patients with chronic positional symptoms after peripheral acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) and the curative effect of the vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT). Method:Using caloric test (CT), head shaking nystagmus test (HST), cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials as well as ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to estimate the function of semicircular canal and otolith organs. The patients with normal VEMPs are divided as Group A. Otherwise are as Group B. Both groups are treated with VRT. The curative effect is estimated by vestibular symptom index (VSI) and Berg balance scale (BBS). Result:Thirty-three of 37 patients (86.5%) had an abnormal result of CT and HST, with 23 of these patients (65.7%) had an abnormal of both test. Twenty-two patients (59.5%) were in Group A and 15 (40.5%) in Group B. Before the therapy, Group B had a higher score of the balance and dizziness symptoms of VSI (P<0.05), and Group A had a higher score of the BBS (P<0.05). After the therapy, the VSI scores of both groups dropped and scores of the BBS raised. Conclusion:Patients with chronic positional symptoms after peripheral AVS have dynamic vestibular lesions to different extents. Those with otolith organs lesions tend to have a worse function of balance. Nevertheless, patients have a better off after VRT.

Fungus culture of the ear discharge and therapeutic effects in 60 outpatients with otitis externa / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the diagnosis and therapeutic effects for fungal otitis externa by clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and fungus culture of the ear discharge.@*METHOD@#Sixty outpatients diagnosed with otitis externa were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with a thorough debridement of the ear and one antifungal medication regimens (compound resorcinol solution) in case of a positive fungus culture. One subgroup of patients treated with daub glycerol during 2 weeks of follow-up.@*RESULT@#Positive cultures were found in 42 cases. The efficacy was observed in all patients even in those who received only ear endoscopy.@*CONCLUSION@#Fungal otitis externa could be easily diagnosed by ear endoscopy. A thorough debridement of the ear and utility of compound resorcinol solution is an easy and effective approach for treatment of fungal otitis externa.

Evaluation on short-term efficacy of balloon dilation in the treatment of symptomatical eustachian tube dysfunction / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short-term efficacy of Eustachian tube balloon dilation (ETBD) in the treatment of symptomatic Eustachian tube dysfunction (SETD) by subjective and objective analysis.METHODS Forty patients who underwent ETBD were included. Subjects’ inclusion criteria were as followed: symptoms of ETD (aural fullness predominantly, with or without otalgia, muffle hearing and tinnitus), normal tympanic membrane, type A or C tympanograms, and without a history of any middle ear diseases. Main outcomes including subjective improvement, otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, impedance audiometry, R-value in tubomanometry (TMM) and Eustachian Tube Score (ETS) were assessed 1 week and 6 months postoperatively.RESULTSAll cases were dilated successfully. A significant effect of treatment was documented when measuring subjective improvement, impedance audiometry, R-value in TMM and ETS 1 week and 6 month postoperatively. Subjective symptoms were not relieved only in one patient. The overall success rate for all patients was 98%.CONCLUSIONETBD can provide short-term benefits to those who are diagnosed with SETD and refractory to medical management. SETD might be an optimal indication for ETBD in the treatment of ETD.

Clinical analysis of 54 cases of jugular foramen tumors with surgical treatment / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To summarize the condition of surgical treatment and prognosis of 54 cases of jugular foramen tumors in the past 5 years.Methods All 54 cases were treated with operation by Fisch approach.Thirty-eight cases underwent total or near total resection of the tumor.Most resection of the tumor was underwent in 16 cases,in which,7 cases underwent postoperative radiotherapy or gamma knife therapy.The facial nerve monitoring was used in all cases.The facial nerve was anatomized and shifted in 35 cases,was just anatomized like a bridge in 10 cases,and was excised partly in 9 cases,in which,4 cases underwent facial-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis and 3 cases underwent transplantation of facial nerve and great auricular nerve.Results The external auditory canal was closed in 41 cases.The near pedicled temporalis muscle flap was obliterated in the operating cavity in 35 cases.Six cases underwent fat filling in the operating cavity.Eighteen patients showed facial palsy in varying degrees after operation.Among them,14 cases improved to different extents in 2 weeks to 9 months and 4 cases did not improve.One case showed recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in the same side before operation and improved in half a year after operation.Postoperative subcutaneous hematoma occurred in 2 cases,wound infection in 1 case.All the cases improved by debridement suture and anti-infective therapy.The cavity filling necrosis occurred in 2 cases,which recovered after debridement and dressing.For half a year after operation,except 9 cases of residual or recurrent,and the rest showed no recurrence.Conclusion The Fisch approach of surgical treatment of jugular foramen tumors can provid good exposure,clear vision,facilitate hemostasis.The skills of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring,facial nerve anatomy like a bridge or anatomy and shift when necessary are beneficial to the total or nearly total resection of tumor and reduce the injury of facial nerve.The operating cavity filling and selective external auditory canal closure can effectively reduce the surgical cavity effusion and the incidence of postoperative infection.